Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)

Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a newly discovered infection disease that cause disease in mammals and birds. Without requiring special treatment, most people infected with the COVID-19 will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover.

To prevent or treat human coronavirus infections there are yet to be vaccines or antiviral drugs. More likely to develop illness in older people and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease and cancer.

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)

A pneumonia outbreak was reported in china Wuhan, December 2019. The outbreak was traced to a novel strain of coronavirus on 31 December 2019 which was given the interim name (2019-nCoV) by the world health organization later renamed (SARS-CoV-2) by the international committee on Taxonomy of viruses.

There have been more than 1,141,190 confirmed cases and at least 60,960 confirmed deaths in the coronavirus pneumonia pandemic.

Symptoms and Signs

Dry Cough (68%) and fever (88%) are the two common symptoms of coronavirus disease. Fatigue, Loss of the sense of smell, shortness of breath, muscle and joint pain, respiratory sputum production (phlegm), chills, sore throat, headache, vomiting, hemoptysis, diarrhea or cyanosis are less common symptoms included.

Approximately one person in six becomes seriously ill and difficulty breathing according to WHO. The researchers have issued advice that those with close contact with confirmed infected people should be closely monitored and examined to rule out infection. The of the usual incubation period (the time between infection or symptoms onset) is 1to 14 days, it is most commonly five days. If you any symptoms in your body you must consult your doctor.

Cause

Transmission

Still being determined some details about how the disease is spread. During close contact, and by small droplets produced during coughing, sneezing, or talking; with close contact being 1 to 2 meters (3 to 6 feet) the disease is primarily spread. After the onset of symptoms during the first 3 days, the virus is most contagious, although spread may be possible before symptoms appear and in a later stage of the disease.

On the surfaces, the virus survives for hours to days. Specifically, up to 3 days on plastic and stainless steel, for one day on cardboard, and up to four hours on copper the virus is found. However, this virus is different on the base of the temperature and humidity.

Coronavirus can’t pass to humans, through pets or other livestock.

Diagnosis

Confirmation is ultimately by a reverse transcription-polymerase chain of reaction (RRT-PCR) of infected sections or CT imaging, but infection by the virus can be provisionally diagnosed based on symptoms.

Viral testing

On 17 January, the WHO has issued the first RNA testing protocol for SARS-CoV-2. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain of reaction (RRT-PCR) is used for the test. On respiratory or blood samples, the test can be done. Within a few hours to days, the results are generally available.

Prevention

Maintaining overall good personal hygiene, washing hands, avoiding touching your body parts especially eyes, nose, or mouth with unwashed hands, and sneezing or coughing, and putting the tissue directly into a waste container are the strategies for preventing transmission of the disease. People have been advised to wear a surgical mask in a public place. To prevent transmission, physical distancing measures are also recommended.

Many organizations are working to develop a vaccine, but know there is no COVID-19 vaccine.

Hand Washing 

To prevent the spread of the disease, hand washing is recommended. People washed their hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds after going to the toilet, CDC has advised. The virus is killed by household soap which bursts its protective bubbles. Don’t touch the eyes, nose, and mouth with dirty hands.

Face Masks and Respiratory hygiene 

People advised that they cover their face and nose with a bent elbow or a tissue when coughing and sneezing. Wearing surgical masks are important for those who may be infected with the virus because wearing mask can limit the volume and travel distance of expiratory droplets dispersed when talking, coughing, and sneezing.

Social Distancing

Infection control actions intended to slow the spread of the disease by minimizing close contact between individuals, by social distancing. BY quarantines, closing the schools, workplaces, stadiums, theatres or shopping centers, staying at home, individuals may be apple social distance.

Management

Treatment

Development efforts are underway including testing of existing medications, but there are no specific antiviral medications approved for COVID-19. Worsen outcomes by uses the steroids. Several compounds are being investigated for use in treating COVID-19 that were previously approved for the treatment of other viral diseases. Some “traditional or home remedies” can provide relief of the symptoms caused by SARS-CoV-19, the world health organization can be stated. You should have to follow all instructions properly to protect your lives and your family members.